SIXTENTH CENTURY BCE (1599-1500)
SIXTENTH CENTURY BCE (1599-1500)
c1595 BCE Decline of the Empire of Babylon under the impact of Hittite and Kassite invaders. There followed a period of weakness and confusion, until about 8thCentury BCE when Babylon will come under the control of the Assyrians again.
Following the fall of Sumer and Akkad, the ancient Akkadians sought refuge in the mountains of Syria and established themselves on the slopes of Mount Hermon in Lebanon. They were then known as the Druses and their mystical principles and concepts indicate contact with GWB, an unformed fraternity of enlightened beings who left disciples across the globe to form the nucleus of esoteric, mystical and philosophical societies.
Avaloki of Tibet
c1567 AHMOSE I[Aahmes or Amosis] (Kitchen 1550-1525) liberates Egypt from Hyksos foreign rule and establishes the 18thDynasty and the beginning of the Egyptian ‘New Kingdom’ period. His parents are Pharaoh Sequenenre Ta’o II (Murry gives Seqenen-Re III) and Queen Ahhotpe. Ahmose marries Ahmose-Nefertari a black queen with power in her own right. Their son is to be Amenophis I. (49.80.108)
AHMOSE-NEFERTARI is the last queen to be a recipient of the Theban cult until it is revived c1080 BCE. She will also become regent on the death of her husband and play a key role in establishing the New Kingdom period of Egypt. (175)
1567-1320 BCE is the second Theban Epoch of ancient Egypt when the capital of Egypt is located at Thebes, therefore the rulers are called the Theban princes. Victory of these Theban princes over the Hyksos rulers of Egypt extended their territory along the Nile as far as the fourth cataract. The land of the ‘S’ bend in the Nile ending at the fourth cataract was known to the Egyptians as Kush and later called Nubia. Amun/Amon, god of Thebes is elevated during this period to the rank of principle deity of the realm and identified with the sun-god Re in the form of Amun-Re, king of the gods (and into which were absorbed the earlier gods Re, Min and Ptah). This period is the time of the reigns of the great Pharoahs Amenophis I, Hatshepsut, Thuthmosis III, Amenhotep III, Thuthmosis IV Akhenaton, Tutankhamen, Ramesses I. (114)
Papyri copies of the earlier Pyramid text called ‘The Coming Forth by Day’, at this time incorporate 3 separate traditions, that of the astral after-life, that of the sun-god Re and that of Osiris, god of the Dwat. Some of the earliest papyri are called, Nu, Userhat, Kha, Yuga. Gradually, as time moves on, illustration will dominate over text.
Amun-Ra at Karnak Egypt
1580 ZEUS & ATHENE are especially favored gods in the Greek temples. These temples are oriented towards the star Hamel in the constellation Aries at various places between 1580-360 BCE. (11) Athene as the goddess of intelligence has her birth from the head of her father Zeus.
Greek god Zeus
c1556 CECROPS establishes ASTU [Athens] as an Egyptian colony of Greece. Athens, with Mount Parnassus and Mount Olympus form a sacred triangle known as Arcadia, Greece. The chief god of this pleasant and ideal area of country life is Pan. [48]This mythical king was half human half serpent or fish, just like the Babylonia god of culture, Dagon. Athens becomes the major centre of the Eleusinian Mysteries.
c1567 ISIS & OSIRIS.The fullest account of the myth of Isis and Osiris extant in Egyptian sources is on a limestone stela dating from between 1567-1320 BCE. Later the story will be reproduced by the Greek Plutarch.
HATHOR is depicted as the Egyptian goddess of love, in writings of 1567-1085 BCE.
Hathor columns in Dendera Temple
